Monthly Archives: November 2022

Unit 2: Reflection

Alina Hadzovic 

10/30/2022

Unit Two Reflection 

This unit, we focused on the applications of rhetorical devices and how they apply to modern real world situations. By choosing a movement on our own accord, I was certainly more interested in the research aspect of the final essay, considering it was something I was interested in. While I understood the whole “new” vs “old” rhetoric, I really was surprised to find the plethora of connections between the two. After analyzing the rhetorical strategies used in the Schools Strike for Climate movement, it was clear that Cicero’s five canons of rhetoric applied in the posters used in the strike, a connection I hadn’t made prior. I wonder how things like the use of Aristotle’s rhetorical triangle (audience, speaker, message) have changed over time- has a speaker’s credibility changed over time? We have learned in class that rhetorical strategies only applied to “a good man,” and I wonder to what extent that still pertains. If two people were saying the same thing but one appeared to be more sophisticated, would society be more inclined to be persuaded? This unit allowed me to push the boundaries of the strength of rhetoric, and how powerful it can really be. While I complete every textbook assignment about rhetoric, these actual real world examples only underlined the true rigor of rhetoric. 

I wish there was  more time between the end of this unit and the previous one because I think a day or two going over the rhetorical devices we learned about in our readings for homework would have made it stick better and thus lead to a stronger final essay. It was hard for me to think back into what we’d read in the book since it was constantly fogged over with other assignments; of course, I could have easily looked through the book on my own (I did), but I think the entire class would have benefited from a day of review. Regardless, the Writing into the Day assignments were very helpful in practicing how to analyze rhetoric and what it means to use “effective rhetoric.” While this essay frankly isn’t my strongest, I am not embarrassed or ashamed of the quality of work. I would have loved to continue my research and continue my understanding of the movement itself and the effects of the protests, along with the effects of persuasion based on rhetorical devices. 

Unit 2: Paper

Alina Hadzovic

Professor Wood 

Freshman Composition

25 October 2022

Rhetorical Analysis of Schools Strike for Climate

After the industrial age, the use of fossil fuels increased as a source of energy to power machines and other processes. After time, the greenhouse gasses emitted from the burning created a blanket of gas around the atmosphere that forced the global climate to warm and change. Despite the ever present need for social change, decades have passed without any global decision to do so. The social movement “Schools Strike for Climate” exists because older generations do not care about climate change, and nonconsensually leave the planet in its shambles for the younger generation. Typical goals for the students involved in this movement are to educate the public of the severity of global warming and underline the unwillingness of society to make a systematic change in the way we make our lives more efficient. To convey these messages, people in this movement use rhetorical strategies like group/physical rhetoric and use Cicero’s canons of rhetoric on visual aids that drill their ideas into the minds of their audience. It is time for a difference, and the messages highlighted in this social movement definitely recognize this. 

As society changed, rhetorical strategies and their effectiveness have changed, as well. Interestingly enough, these changes are (objectively) categorized by either old rhetoric or new rhetoric. Old rhetoric was described “as the art of persuasion” by ancient philosopher Aristotle, arguably one of the main backbones of old rhetoric (Wollacott). This idea of persuasion was mainly through speeches given in a courtroom about policies good men would like to pass in their society. Aristotle also developed the rhetorical triangle, which bound rhetorical devices with the speaker, audience, and objective of the speech (Lutzke and Henggeler). This connection can be seen today, just in different forms. As issues, policies, and norms were trying to be legislated in more contemporary contexts, more creative means of persuasion were practiced. Rather than a single person standing in front of a group of men in a chancery, people of all ages and of all gender identities are bound together by their cause and persuade their audience with their presence. This assembly of people that find solitude in each other’s company in this situation is called group or gregarious rhetoric. In these group protests, demonstrators adopt old rhetoric and creatively use them in modern contexts. We see posters in the “Schools Strike for Climate” protests with memorable phrases and delivered in a unique and individual style. This originated through Cicero’s canons of rhetoric, formulated in —. Cicero wrote his five canons of rhetoric in around 50 BC, sharing the importance of invention, arrangement, style, memory, and delivery in a persuasive setting (Pudewa). Really, these principles are still found today, just in a more extant application. The effectiveness of new rhetoric would not be nearly as such without such a strong rhetorical foundation. 

The “Schools Strike for Climate” movement truly began after 15 year old Greta Thunberg protested in front of the Swedish parliament in 2018 with a poster saying “schools strike for climate.” Just the next year, she inspired over a million students around the world to stand up for what they believe in. This idea of political leaders needing to enact principles in order to prevent further global warming was extremely common in the visual aids within the protests. Posters in hand, students in countries like the Philippeans, United States, and Germany walked in front of their government buildings to announce their negative opinions on the federal regulations in regards to climate (Crouch). Even today, four years after the initial objection, groups of young people still gather today as a way to convey the core values of the movement with safety and strength in numbers. 

Nowadays, persuasion in protests are seen in large numbers, chanting and holding signs. Group rhetoric is effective because it shows the commitment of such a huge group of people with unified goals. This is a really successful decision as a rhetorical device in the conditions of “Schools Strike for Climate” because it is a joint avenue towards policy change and influence, one professionalized to make politics more reflective of societies’ wants, needs and demands. The audience in this situation is clearly representatives in the federal position to apply the progressive wants of the public to civil situations. Rather than a single student stepping out of an academic setting, the scale being so large listens to everyone’s concerns and connects activists around the world. It allocates accessibility for people around the world who’s concerns deserve to be heard but cannot physically participate. 

While I have never had the opportunity to participate in the protests physically, I spent time creating posters for my friends that they used in their moments of dissent. Including short phrases like “our future is in our hands” was a really powerful decision because not only does it use purposeful diction, it also is memorable. The repetition of the word “our” drills the idea of integrating each individual with their surroundings and the effects of corporations on climate change; we are all only one population, and this is “our” planet, so it makes sense to work together and solve issues regarding it. Having such a short and purposeful phrase also highlights one of Cicero’s canons of delivery, since the phrase is short and sweet and commonly yelled in a call and response form. In that scenario, it is resolute because there is a synthesis of all these different people standing alongside each other finishing each other’s sentences. 

There is no way to imagine what the world would be like if we didn’t unify as one and take climate change as seriously as it deserves to be taken. Frankly, I cannot help but feel drawn towards the dynamic values of this movement. I find myself just as, if not more, passionate about climate justice than those around me, and I feel proud of my generation for taking the mental and physical time to speak up for us and our future. If no one will support the “Schools Strike for Climate” cause, I know Aristotle and Cicero would be amazed at the applications of their ancient rhetorical devices in conditions like these.

Works Cited 

Wollacott , Mark. “What Is Ancient Rhetoric?” Language Humanities, 9 Oct. 2022, 

www.languagehumanities.org/what-is-ancient-rhetoric.htm#:~:text=Ancient%20rhetoric%20is%20described%20by,expressed%20almost%20exclusively%20in%20speeches.

Crouch, David. “The Swedish 15-Year-Old Who’s Cutting Class to Fight the Climate 

Crisis.” The Guardian, Guardian News and Media, 1 Sept. 2018, www.theguardian.com/science/2018/sep/01/swedish-15-year-old-cutting-class-to-fight-the-climate-crisis

Lutzke, Jaclyn, and Mary Henggeler. “The Rhetorical Triangle: Understanding and Using 

Logos, Ethos, and Pathos .” Indiana University School of Liberal Arts, Nov. 2009, www.lsu.edu/hss/english/files/university_writing_files/item35402.pdf

Pudewa, Andrew. “The 5 Canons of Rhetoric.” Memoria Press – Classical Christian Education

28 Sept. 2022, www.memoriapress.com/articles/5-canons-of-rhetoric/.  

Unit 1: Reflection

There are many things they don’t tell you before you enter college. One of which is that you’d think, at 18 years old, legally considered an adult in the eyes of the law, that you know everything there is to know about writing for a class. I mean, you’ve been taught how to organize a paragraph since you were 11, and you have been telling stories through writing since before then. Despite my plethora of English classes and all of their lessons tucked into my sleeve, there was still room for improvement that this first unit of Freshman Composition taught me. I didn’t know how to really seamlessly incorporate anecdotes and rhetorical devices in the same written space; I feel like I always struggled with the two being interconnected in a way that made sense. The unit’s This I No Longer Believe narrative was extremely useful for me to really visualize the two and their bond in emotional writing. Of course I knew the usefulness of rhetorical devices in nonfiction writing, but this unit truly underlined the few different applications of specific rhetorical tools that I can easily use in my writing, like anaphora and antithesis. In the conclusion of my narrative, I was very impressed with myself in my incorporation of antithesis in a way that solidified my opinions on New York City developing and changing over time. Being able to effectively connect the audience with my individual life with rhetoric was very exciting for me. However, the most exciting activity in this unit was the dialect test for me. Not only was it engaging and fun, but it was really interesting to compare results with my peers and see what was different amongst them. 

If I could go back through this unit, I would have spent less time outlining my major assignment and more time interconnecting ideas. My first draft is so different from my final draft that it put me in a stressful situation closer to the deadline, since I felt like I was writing an entirely different assignment by the end. Much of this was because I took the edits I got from peer review very seriously, considering they interpreted this assignment through the eyes of a student like me, with the same deadlines and structured instructions. While it was naturally very helpful, I think in the next unit I really want to take advantage of office hours and get more teacher feedback. I found the most useful tool in this unit to truly be the feedback on the second draft from the professor, where it was extremely targeted to the rubric and what you were really looking for as a grader. Truly, I am very proud of how concise but effective my writing is; there was not really a moment where I felt like I was blabbering or going off on a tangent when writing, something that took a while to teach myself. 

Genuinely, I participated a lot in this unit, something out of my comfort zone. This is a new place, and regardless of being here in this class since August, I still have a lot to learn about my peers, professor, and myself honestly. I would love to explore myself as a writer more, considering this unit’s main assessment was very personal, and it forced me to write about my personal beliefs in a way I hadn’t before. I wonder what this essay would have looked like if I’d been exposed to this sort of emotional vulnerability prior, or even outside of this graded and stress inducing context. After this unit, I really can’t wait to see the way I go about analyzing rhetorical devices in a more persuasive context rather than a personal one. 

Unit 1: Paper

Alina Hadzovic

Professor Wood

Freshman Composition

3 October 2022

The Big, Rotten Apple

The Big Apple, my city, your city, our city, New York City. Appropriately named “the city of dreams,” New York City is home to millions of people and I have lived here all 18 years of my life. I know my neighborhood streets more than I know myself, and can name every avenue from West to East, forwards and back. I say “hello” to the man my mother told me to give five dollars to when I was six years old. I ask the deli worker I buy eggs from how her family is doing after she tells me my total is 3 dollars and some change. This city is unequivocally my home, for better or for worse. Being raised in the same building for so long has allowed me to understand the importance of community and courtesy, something I will never take for granted; there is not one person better or more qualified for something than another, a lesson my parents taught me.

Many Balkan refugees from the Bosnian genocide came to this Northeastern coast to escape death and find happiness in the in the humble luxuries America’s labor opportunities offered. Back home, they hear only positivity of New York from their two cable channels, dreaming of tall buildings made of concrete and dogs on leashes in the park instead of walking aimlessly with fleas on dirt trails. Since birth, my immigrant parents and extended family members have drilled the idea that all of America is the fertilizer for my aspirations, but specifically New York was the hub of opportunities and life. If you come to America for work, you aren’t given many chances for wealth; most male Balkan immigrants are either Italian restaurant owners (none of us are Italian, but the cuisine is simple enough to quickly learn and have similar ingredients to our cultural dishes- random vegetables cooked down and paired with a carb) or have jobs in construction (plumbing, superintendents or porters of buildings, inspectors, etc.). Women weren’t given opportunities for education in the past, so generationally speaking, none of us work. Cousins, aunts, uncles, and grandparents alike have entrenched this idea that putting education first will lead me to breaking this trend and making a name for myself in this restless metropolis.  I was told to like and appreciate New York, so I did. I ignored my truth and traded the city’s countless disruptions for the beauties that are the Hudson River and manmade parks. I listened blindly, like any kid does naturally, and told myself I’d live here forever, like my older family members do. 

When I turned eighteen, I didn’t know how to explain to my American friends that things would still be the exact same as they have always been. In movies, as soon as the protagonist comes of age, they are free to move out of their parents’ homes and reign unsupervised; I can only ponder what my parents would say if I brought up the idea of leaving the house before marriage. Although strange to some people, this is extremely normal in any Balkan home and is something I’ve had to adopt as my truth. Reasonably, my life is considered “old fashioned” to my American friends, since I forcibly listen to elders about outdated concepts out of respect instead of figuring out things for myself. To kids at my schools, it was a wild concept to do things with the idea of pleasing others in mind. When I complained about a 95 instead of getting a 100, I was told to “shut up” and “calm down” more often than the moon says hello to the stars. Knowing my parents came from nothing to comfortably living in New York City, it was extremely difficult to be happy with anything less than perfect; I had an impressive reputation preceding me. My education system was better than theirs, my neighborhood was safer and more reliable than their towns, my family was more supportive… I generally had it better off. Whenever you speak to anyone in the generation above mine, all you hear is how they came into this city with no money, teaching themselves how to survive- you assume New York City is where success is made. Frankly, they all have families and are objectively happy together. Yes, things have changed over the past few decades, but they’re all okay and have New York to thank. I was so proud to be a New Yorker, knowing I have come from a place where dreams turned into reality, where lives were made. It took me a long time to understand that this city isn’t magical and cannot hand you achievements. Truth be told, success comes from luck a lot more than people think, especially when you have no knowledge of English or any monetary, social, or physical understanding of the country, forget about this understanding of this hectic and overwhelming city.

Not only is this city bustling, it is also the definition of filthy. I’ve been in public school my entire life, something I’m truly proud of. In New York City public schools, you are forced to be educated in a common core curriculum. Part of that is learning about pollutants and how they affect your lungs, setting you up at a higher risk for illnesses like lung cancer, asthma, and skin diseases. Obviously, this entire country is in the midst of a climate crisis, but somewhere without such industrial culture emits considerably less toxins that we are currently exposed to daily. As amazing as the city is for immigrants, giving them the opportunity to safely get money and start families in their respective households, someone born and raised in this city has the exact same chance as any other educated English speaker. In the suburbs, I know that this anxious part of my life would be at ease, at least significantly compared to how it is now. I wonder sometimes how different my life would be if I had the experiences of the suburbs from a young age- football games, white picket fences, a rocking chair on the balcony, the whole nine yards. I’d like to think that I’d see New York as just another city instead of idolizing its magical properties from hearing about it my entire childhood. I feel like it would be so much more rewarding to raise a family in a smaller, safer, more quaint neighborhood where kids can explore life without fear or fret than in a city where you are notified of crimes daily just around your block. 

Like any Balkan girl, my biggest dream is being a mother; my mind is permeated with the thought of starting a family in a blue house with a wrap-around porch and a backyard, something I cannot get in New York City without spending millions of dollars. Spending my childhood worrying about my health in such a synthetic environment is something I would never wish on the next generation. I’ve set my heart on being a high school teacher, and we all know that such a paycheck will not fly in supporting my desired reality. Thus, while my parents and their family members all came to New York with the intention of amplifying their own dreams, it is simply something I have to differentiate myself from. By having my dreams be so different from my parents, I have no need to be surrounded by tumultuous people in a soul draining city to support them. I’ve always been told I am a follower and not a leader, which I understand, but in this situation I have to put myself first and lead the way for my own future family to not feel pressured to believe in the city like I did. 

Modern society is shaped in such a way that we are sort of bound to constantly compete against each other, or even ourselves. We are always trying to reach our short-term goals and trying to better ourselves to match the expectations set upon us by society. Many of us are guilty of working long hours and getting less sleep each night; we travel the extra mile and feel content that we have achieved perfectionism. We toil in and out every week; even during the weekend ‘relaxing’ and ‘having a good time’ seems like a forced chore. The city is a well-known competitive place, with people all over the world coming here for work opportunities and trying to be at the top of the success pyramid. As a consequence, we end up being too hard on ourselves all too often without even realizing. All of us are more or less stuck up and consumed by our work, social interactions, life goals, weekend plans and so on. There is not one person in this city content with the place they’re in right now. Everyone wants to be better, make more, reach greater heights. This society is packed with dreams, aspirations, and goals. Each and every human being has something they are working for; for the most part, this city is a splendid place to nurture those dreams into reality. My dreams, anyhow, would absolutely and positively die in a place like New York. 

Thinking that a city would fill a void I felt inside of myself is unhealthy, that the constant rushing and change would distract me from the truth. I first had to tune inward to myself and found a weak void, something no pleasure discovered in my neighborhood could fill. Society talks highly of self-love, and how it is extremely important for a happy and healthy life. There’s this well-known notion of self-care or loving yourself that can be seen as “selfish,” but I see it as the most selfless and loving thing we can do for the world. When we are kind and compassionate to ourselves, we can fully show up as that for the world around us. The issue with New York City is that many don’t feel they have the time or energy to love themselves without wasting moments that could be used productively for work or socializing. It feels that the city is on 1.5x speed compared to the rest of the world, moving ahead and making accomplishments that other towns and states just admire from a distance. While I will always consider myself a “city girl,” I know deep down in my heart that such a busy, loud, industrialized life is not meant for me. Despite taking 18 years to realize this, I accept the truth for what it is- that New York City may be my city, but it isn’t the city for me. 

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